Cleaning text pasted from PDFs, email and web pages
Why pasted text arrives with odd line breaks and double spaces, and how to repair it without retyping.
Removing duplicate lines from a list
Where duplicate lines come from, what "exact duplicate" really means, and how to keep the first occurrence.
Choosing between sentence case and Title Case
The conventions behind each style, and why automatic conversion is a starting point rather than a final edit.
Sorting lines and when ordering helps
Alphabetical sorting, locale differences, and the cases where reversing order is more useful than sorting.
Counting words, characters and lines accurately
How the three counts differ, what each is actually used for, and where naive counting tools disagree.